🎾 Movement An Essential To Shot Making¶
Giới Thiệu¶
Movement An Essential To Shot Making — tài liệu 5 trang từ thư viện sách tennis.
Chủ đề chính: Speed
Tóm tắt nội dung (trích từ tài liệu gốc): MOVEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL TO SHOT MAKING Feisal Hassan, USPTA Master Professional Tennis is a game of movement and should be trained as such. It's a game of continuous emergencies. Every shot can have a different speed, spin and placement. The way a player moves on the court determines how successful he/she can be as a tennis player. Tennis performance depends upon quick bursts of speed interspersed with variations of fast lateral and side-to-side movements. There are several factors that affect movement in tennis: � Perception: how quick and well the player sees the ball off the opponent's racke
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Nội Dung Gốc (Tiếng Anh)¶
MOVEMENT: AN ESSENTIAL TO SHOT MAKING
Feisal Hassan, USPTA Master Professional
Tennis is a game of movement and should be trained as such. It's a game of
continuous emergencies. Every shot can have a different speed, spin and
placement.
The way a player moves on the court determines how successful he/she can be as a
tennis player. Tennis performance depends upon quick bursts of speed interspersed
with variations of fast lateral and side-to-side movements.
There are several factors that affect movement in tennis:
� Perception: how quick and well the player sees the ball off the opponent's
racket, perceiving its direction and speed.
� Decision: how quickly the player processes this information and decides what to
do.
� Reaction speed: how fast the nerve signal passes from the brain to the muscles.
� Action speed: how quickly the player makes the first steps.
� Adjustment to the ball: the player's ability to make necessary adjustments as
he/she gets to the ball so as to maintain balance throughout the stroke.
Statistics have shown that 70% of missed or poorly hit shots are due to poor
footwork. In tennis, it's not necessarily how fast you are, it's how fast you are
relative to the ball.
Some of the required movement skills that can be enhanced through training are:
IMPROVING FOOT SPEED
AGILITY
CHANGING FOOTWORK PATTERNS
SPEED ENDURANCE
IMPROVING FOOTSPEED: In order to improve footspeed, a player needs to train the
following components: starting ability, acceleration, stride rate and stride length.
These components apply to all sports. A sprinter in track and field is commonly
known to accelerate for the first 60 feet of his or her run. Since a tennis court is 39
feet from the baseline to the net, one can conclude that all running in tennis includes
constant acceleration, until the deceleration needed to get in position to hit the ball.
Therefore, the emphasis on improving foot speed in tennis should be on efficient
and quick starts, acceleration, and efficient deceleration.
In tennis, every point starts from a stationary position. For example, return of serve,
volleys, and doubles play at the net. Thus, a player's starting ability is crucial.
Acceleration is the ability for a player to change the tempo of their run, i.e. increase
speed with every step.
Stride rate refers to how fast a player cycles their legs.
Stride length refers to the actual length of each stride.
AGILITY: This is a player's ability to change directions with the least amount of speed
loss. In tennis, research has concluded that a player changes direction on average
of 4-5 times per point.
Studies show that tennis movement in tennis involves:
Lateral 48%
Forward 47%
Backward 5%
Movement experts suggest that agility training should be as follows:
70% should require bursts of speed lasting under 10 seconds
20% should require bursts of speed lasting 10-20 seconds
10% should require bursts of speed over 20 seconds
CHANGING FOOTWORK PATTERNS: If you watch the footwork of tennis players
closely, you will see a variety of footwork patterns occurring during a single shot and
note that tennis requires the player to change from one footwork pattern to another
rapidly and efficiently! For example, a player may run to the ball, decelerate, and
then side shuffle back for recovery. A player may also transition from shuffling to
running or from crossover step to a run. These "changing footwork patterns" must
be trained and coordinated so that players can efficiently and effectively transition
from one footwork pattern to another.
SPEED ENDURANCE: On average, studies indicate that 300-500 bursts of energy are
required during a singles match. Speed is important for each of these bursts of
energy but players must also be able to sustain this energy during the entire match,
especially the final set.
The goal of this article is to demonstrate a simple on-court Tennis Specific Movement
Training program that will improve the performance of a tennis player. I have had
success categorizing drills into a program. Numerous drills that I will share in this
article have been acquired from various coaches and players throughout my
coaching career.
THE MOVEMENT TRAINING PROGRAM
The movement-training program is broken down into four types and levels of
exercises:
LEVEL 1: IMPROVING FOOT SPEED
LEVEL 2: AGILITY
LEVEL 3: CHANGING FOOTWORK PATTERNS
LEVEL 4: SPEED ENDURANCE
LEVEL 1: IMPROVING FOOT SPEED
Purpose: to train players with speed development.
DRILL: TAG SPRINTS
Player "A" is sitting down on the baseline facing the net. Player "B" is standing
against the back fence. On the whistle or command of "GO", Player "B" tries to tag
player "A" before s/he touches the net.
DRILL: PUSH-UP & CATCH
Player "A" is in a push-up position on the baseline facing the net, player "B" or a
coach rolls a ball between Player "As legs, player "A" sprints and catches the ball
before it passes the service line.
DRILL: GET UPS
Player is sitting (on their butt and hands back) on the baseline, on the command of
"GO" the player gets up and sprints to the net
LEVEL 2: AGILITY
Purpose: To train players to change directions with the least amount of speed loss.
DRILL: JUMPING ROPE:
This is good for agility, balance, timing, coordination and quick reactions.
Generally, record the number of jumps in 30 seconds, rest for 30 seconds.
Several jump rope patterns can be used: double foot hop, right foot hop, left foot
hop, heel kicks, high knees or a forward and side hop are some of the jump rope
patterns I utilize.
DRILL: BALANCE VOLLEYS
A player keeps a cup of water in their non-dominant hand and volleys back and forth
with another player. The goal being to change directions to hit the volleys without
spilling water from the cup.
DRILL: PUSH AND HOP
Three players form a triangle; the fourth player (who is in the middle of the three
players) hops on one leg and is gently pushed by the three in the triangle.
DRILL: CIRCLE RUN
The coach rolls a ball toward the net; the player (who is standing on the baseline)
moves toward the net and is trying to circle around the rolling ball. Count the
number of times the player went around the ball before the ball touched the net.
LEVEL 3: CHANGING FOOTWORK PATTERNS
Purpose: To train a player to change from one footwork pattern to another rapidly.
DRILL:
Player starts standing on the baseline, coach will call four types of footwork patterns
to be performed. The player is instructed to change the footwork patterns each time
they cross the service line and when they touch the net. If "sprint", shuffle,
backwards, sprint" are called out, for example, the player sprints to the service line.
Without stopping, the player transitions from a sprint to a shuffle as rapidly as
possible. At the net, he immediately backpedals to the service line. At the service
line, he would rapidly transition to a sprint. A variety of footwork patterns can be
used, including a crossover step, a carioca step and a single leg and double leg
bounding and hopping. Remember, the most common footwork patterns in tennis
are shuffle and run. According to Scott Phelps, former top 10-world class sprinter,
the maximum length of time running in a straight line for tennis should be 8-12
seconds.
I suggest that players must carry a tennis racquet and simulate strokes.
Some common patterns that are used are:
sprint, shuffle, backpedal, sprint
sprint, crossover, backpedal, sprint.
shuffle, crossover, shuffle, crossover
right foot hop, left foot hop, shuffle, crossover
sprint, shuffle, backpedal, lob
sprint, sprint, lob, lob
LEVEL 4: SPEED ENDURANCE
Purpose: To train a player to repeatedly perform maximum or near maximum bursts
of energy required for an entire match.
DRILL: PICK UP SPRINT
Jog, Stride, Sprint, Walk.
Jog for the length of the court, then Stride for the width of the court, then Sprint for
the length of the court, and then Walk for the width of the court. Repeat for 10 sets.
DRILL: WIND SPRINTS
Jog for length of court and then sprint for the width of court. Repeat for 10 sets.
IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAM:
Rather than work on one level at a time, I suggest it is more effective to work on
three or four levels in each session. In this way, you will simulate the way
movement is used in tennis. For example, a player doesn't rely on agility alone;
movement requires changing footwork patterns and speed endurance as well. Thus,
it makes good sense to train skills together in an integrated program. A tennis
player then can call upon them all spontaneously during a match.
I hope this article serves as an example on how tennis movement and footwork can
be trained. The drills presented are just some on-court examples and should only
serve as guidelines. I have had success with this program.