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Tóm tắt nội dung (trích từ tài liệu gốc): Q vantage Volume 1-lssue 1 the mogozine for U.S. PT. A. members January/February 1977 Contents A Look Ahead .. .. 2 President Sheldon Caldwell Examines the Future What Is the USPTA? ... . . .. ... . .. . .. . . . 4 Executive Director William Tym Looks at Today USPTA: 50 Years of Service . 6 A Fond Look Backward Reminiscences of Half a Century . . . .. . . . 14 Publisher Les Jah n, a " Pro" �si nee 1927 U ni ted States Profess io nal Tenni s Assoc iat io n Plug Your Racket into the USPTA .. .......
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Q vantage
Volume 1-lssue 1 the mogozine for U.S. PT. A. members
January/February 1977
Contents
A Look Ahead .. .. 2
President Sheldon Caldwell Examines the Future
What Is the USPTA? ... . . .. ... . .. . .. . . . 4
Executive Director William Tym Looks at Today
USPTA: 50 Years of Service . 6
A Fond Look Backward
Reminiscences of Half a Century . . . .. . . . 14
Publisher Les Jah n, a " Pro" �si nee 1927
U ni ted States Profess io nal Tenni s Assoc iat io n
Plug Your Racket into the USPTA .. ....... . . . .... : . 16
Sheldon CaiG;:Jwell
"TA" for the Tennis Professional . . . 18
President
Transa ctional Analysis for the Tennis Pro Can Make You a
George Basco
Better Teacher �
First Vice President
Order on the Court ..... . .... .. .. . . . .. ... .. . .24
Newton Cox
Does Your Contract Lock You Into a Covenant
Second Yice President Not to Compete? by Paul Waldm an
lan c rbokenden Bouncing Around the USPTA . . . .............. .... 26
Third Vice President Divisional News Across the Country
Fernando Velasco USPTA Calendar . . . .......... .. .28
Secretary About the cover
W h at i s mo re approp ri ate than a bir th day c ake , spec i a ll y c rea t ed fo r t he USPTA' s Go lde n
Tim Heckler A nni ve rsa ry?
Treasu re r
WilliamTym
Executive Di rector
Managing Director
Burto n Adams
Editor
M arv in Gi sser
Art Director-Production Manager
A ri js Brim ani s
Administration
Be rni ce Ab ram s
A d ve rti sin g-Ma rketin g In fo rm ati o n
Ph o ne (216) 464-85 46
" ad d va ntage" is p u b li shed bimo nt hl y by t he
U n ited States Profess io nal Tenni s Assoc iat io n.
Two Co m merce Park Sq uare, Sui te 100,
23200 Chag rin Blvd., Cleve land, O hi o 44122
Circ ul at io n t o all members of the US PTA,
US Track & Court Build ers Assoc iat io n,
Nati o nal Indoor I ennis Associat io n, and
USTA c lu bs.
Pri nted in the U.S.A.
A lookahead Looking back on our 50 years of achievements is a source of
pride to the USPTA.
But we are more concerned with the challenge of the future .
That is why 1977 is a kickoff year, as much as it is an
anniversary year. Our first activity, perhaps the most exciting
in our existence, is the publication of "addvantage" magazine,
an in-house publication for the United States Professional
Tennis Association .
The magazine is, and will be, dedicated to raising and
maintaining the standards of professional teaching in tennis.
There are many tennis magazines presently being published,
but we feel " addvantage" has �a unique role and a unique
audience of 6,000 people directly involved with professional
tennis. That is why our magazine is sent to all tennis
professionals in the country, and members of the US Tra5=k
and Court Builders Association and National Indoor Tennis
Association. All USPTA members receive the magazine free;
other professionals receive a complimentary one year subscription .
This audience has the power and drive to influence well
beyond its circulation figures . Our initial advertisers know the
importance of a selective audience such ,as we have . Our
second issue wi II have even more advertisers who are
committing themselves to a year's inclusion because they
know we are offering them a highly influential audience . Of
course, we have a commitment to " support these supporters;'
just as they are supporting us.
We have a very simple goal for each issue. To help the
professional tennis teacher become a more complete
professional; a more complete person. " addvantage" will be
a service magazine, an aid to the professional. If an article
helps improve a USPTA member by making him or her a
better teache.r, we have achieved our goal. Future issues wi II
explore many areas that affect the teaching pro, on and�off
the court.
2
This magazine is just the first step in an ongoing program. We
are making greater strides today than ever before. Membership
is increasing, as are our standards for membership . Our level of
professionalism is continually being upgraded , our services to
members improved, our community service expanded, and
our recognition in, and out, of the tennis world increased. We
have come a long way si nee 1927. But not far enough. Now
we are embarking upon a systemized, organized effort to
direct our energies and resources into making the United
States Professiohal Tennis Ass.ociation stronger and more
active than ever.
To those of you receiving this magazine who are not members
of the USPTA, you might be interested in the form on page 17.
It is only a way for you to indicate your interest, for the
USPTA does not take anybody without testing . If you feel as
we do about the future of professional tennis, the USPTA may
be the organization you need .
In a �port where competition has moved far from the court,
our Association will not stand idly by. We will play a leadership
role in bringing unity to tennis, without belittling any
individuals or organizations.
As I look ahead, I must- in retrospect- compliment those
leaders of 1927 for their foresight and understanding of the
problems of tennis. It is my hope that the present, and future,
leaders of the USPTA can use those same attributes for the
positive development of professional tennis.
She ldon Ca ldwel l,
President. US PTA
3
What is The recent tennis boom has hit Instructor or Apprentice is encouraged
every section of the country. In to upgrade his or her status by fulfilling
the .USPTA the densely populated cities and the necessary requirements within a
metropolitan areas the over-all effect specified amount of time.
? has been devastating. More than ever
before there is a strong need for Once teaching professionals have
� qualified professionals who are ready, passed the USPTA test, they are
willing and able to cope with the
by William Tym situation. certified and qualified. They are
Executive Director USPTA As spectators and participants prepared to serve schools, clubs or
become more sophisticated, it will be communities in a truly professional
necessary to have qualified manner. However, the role of the
professionals available to fulfill their USPTA does not end in certification.
needs. With the emergence of new The USPTA professional continues to
clubs and tennis products, the need pursue higher levels of education and
for quality control becomes greater. training within his or her profession by
The role of the US PTA is to fill this attending seminars, workshops and
need for quality professionals. conventions, which offer an
opportunity for a healthy exchange
The USPTA is dedicated to of ideas.
upgrading the standards of the
teaching profession and creating a Today's teaching professional
greater awareness of the sport must be a-psychologist, doctor,
itself. In order to accomplish this, merchandiser, management expert,
the US PTA conducts a rigid public relations man and administrator
and comprehensive testing and as well as an excellent instructor. He is
certification program. Each applicant the tennis industry's answer to the Six
must take a nationally standardized Million Dollar Man.
exam which tests one's proficiency on
the court as a player, one's knowledge
and capabilities in the area of
instructing students in group and
private situations and a written exam
which allows one to demonstrate his or
her understanding of merchandising
and club organization.
Each member is classified as an
"Apprentice," " Instructor,"
or "Professional" depending on
experience in the teaching field and
test results. Any member classified as
4
Why is the E & J G~llo Winery
sponsoring the event~u.
While many tennis t '' c� '11aments have been
provided for top ranke teurs � and profe~
e tourname sim1als, up until now, little ev .. :-~een done for the
grass roots amateur whQ mak~~. tennis the great
sport 1t is. TheE & JGallo Winery is proud to be
At your tennis club. the first to sponsor exciting atid rewarding
What are the prizes and who pays events that will actively involve thousands of
for them? tennis amateurs.
A perpetual club trophy, inscribed with the How does a club participate?
winners' names and individual trophies for Ask your club professiqpal or manager
the winners and runners-up are provided by the Gallo Premiurp Cup rr:~pni~
the United States Professional Tennis Asso<,::ia- call the U.S.P.T.A. at 209~52~L30SSfor
tion and the E & J<;;allo Winery. held . at
y ~�
Gallo Vineyards, Modesto, California
It has been called the Golden Age Among those in attendance were H . Le
of Sport. It was the 1920's and it gave Van Richards, Spalding's New York
the country many heroes. Babe Ruth representative and a well-known
in baseball, Jack Dempsey and Gene tennis official ; George Agutter, the
Tunney in boxing, Bobby Jones in first head professional (1913) atthe
golf, Red Grange in football, to name
only a few. West Side Tennis Club ; James Burns
Sr. ; William J. Croker, professional at
In tennis it was the era of Bill Longwood in Boston; Ed Faulkner;
Tilden and Helen Wills. But there was Henry A. Geidel; Paul Heston ; Walter
a difference between tennis stars and Kinsella; Frank Lafforgue ; Harry A.
stars of the other sports which had McNeal ; James Reid ; Harvey
nothing to do with the differences in Snodgrass and Charles M . Wood.
the games they played.
Also attending, and taking a very
It was the difference between � active role, were Vincent Richards
amateur and professional. A tennis and Howard A. Kinsey. Richards, the
player was not supposed to accept originai " Boy Wonder" of tennis,
money for any activity remotely teamed with Bill Tilden to win the
connected with tennis. Tilden, who national doubles championship when
wrote newspaper articles about tennis he was only 15. An outstanding
-and the theater-found this was doubles player, as was Kinsey, the two
held against him during the 1928 received short shrift from the tennis
Davis Cup when he was suspended for establishment, for both turned
six months because of the articles he professional in 1926 and went on tour,
had written from Wimbledon . As late underwritten by C. C. (Cash and Carry)
as 1930 Ellsworth Vines commented, Pyle. Richards received $35,000 for his
"I can't even write for newspapers, or participation ; Kinsey, $20,000. Harvey
work in a sporting goods store, Snodgrass also participated in Pyle's
without losing my amateur status." program.
But what of the teaching pro? The direct result of the meeting
How did he feel? What was his status (and ensuing m eetings) was a formal
in the hierarchy of tennis? In 1914, notice, sent to all recognized tennis
throughout the entire United States, instructors, which read :
there were only two teaching
professionals. If a tennis player was "For some time past there has
said to be self-taught it was the truth , been a very strong feeling among lawn
for there was no one to teach him . tennis professionals that there is a
need for some organization to protect
Although the numbers increased, and promote their interests, and to
it is doubtful there were 25 assist them in obtaining a proper and
professional tennis players and recognized status in the tennis world.
instructors in the country by 1921. A meeting was accordingly held
Many new tennis clubs were formed, September 23, and it was decided to
and many country clubs, which had form an Association. This meeting
centered their activities around golf, was followed by others, at which the
began to install tennis facilities. With following regulations were agreed
this growing participation came a upon: An initiation fee of $10 will be
corresponding demand for instruction. charged all new members. Dues are
Qualified instruction. to be $5 annually.
By 1927 the number of tennis "An executive committee has
coaches had increased dramatically. been elected and a constitution
Some of these men felt formation of a adopted. It is the desire of this
national, organized body would be executive committee to have all tennis
highly desirable, and would work in professionals of accepted standards
the best interests of both tennis and become members of the Association.
its instructors. As one of these, you are cordially
invited to fill out the enclosed
On September 23, 1927, in an application blank for membership."
upstairs room of Spalding's New York
building, a group met to form what The letter was signed by Agutter
eventually has become the United as chairman and McNeal as
States Professional Tennis Association. secretary-treasurer.
Vinnie Richards, the " Boy Wonder" who At its annual meeting in Chicago
received $35,000 for his participation in th e first on February 11 , 1928, the United
profess ional tennis tour in 1926 . States Lawn Tennis Association
A USPTA founder. recognized the new group, and passed
a resolution stating its membership
should foster and encourage the�
7
continuance and growth of the Although detractors have
Professional Lawn Tennis Association belittled the accomplishments of the
of the United States, along sound and Association during its first 20 years, it
conservative lines. is a fact the Association held together
as a formal, structured organization
Agutter was elected first during a Depression and World War.
president, and he served through 1935. Annual meetings were held regularly,
J.P. Allen was the first executive and a national professional tennis
secretary of the USPLTA. Succeeding tournament was held each year from
Agutter were Ed Faulkner, 1936 and 1927 through 1943. Vinnie Richards
1937; Henry A. Geidel, 1938 and 1939; won the first championship, and other
James G. Pressley, 1940 and 1941 (the winners included Bill Tilden, Don
first president not to attend that Budge, Jack Kramer, Ellsworth Vines,
original meeting); and Charles M. Pancho Segura, Bobby Riggs and Fred
Wood, who took office in 1941 and Perry. There was, however, one charge
steered the Association through the that was valid during those early years.
war years, voluntarily stepping down The Association was.almost exclusively
in 1946. an Eastern organization.
This changed shortly after Frank
J. Rericha became president in 1946,
and Roy Miller was appointed
executive secretary. At the 1946
meeting the Association voted to
incorporate; a decision was made that
American Lawn Tennis magazine.be
the official voice of the Association;
and it was decided to hold two
meetings each year, one in the spring
and one in the fall, each in conjunction
with a tournament.
Rericha's goals for the year were
to establish sectional organizations
throughout the country; to provide
insurance and protection for members
in their jobs; to make available, only
to members, a professional tennis
ball; and to organize a system of
centralized, collective buying through
the PLTA.
In 1947, 20 years after the first
organizational meeting, the
Association was incorporated in the
State of New York.
Rericha was succeeded by George
Seewagen, who cited as his goals for
1948, expansion of the placement
service and the scope of Association
activity and influence, and retirement
of all outstanding bonds. This is the
only mention of the bonds found, and
very little is known about them . They
were issued in multiples of $500 to
members and non-members, but the
date of issue, total amount and
purpose are unknown. The last
Ph ot os Courtesy: Intern ati o nal Tennis Hall of Paulin e Betz Addie (above left) , who served as
Fa me and Tennis M use um . In c. Newpo rt. USPTA secretary in 1964 and 1965, also won
Rh o d e Island. the Association's first sanctioned women 's
tournament in 1956, defeating Doris Hart, 6-4,
6-4. Brothers Robert (1) and Howard Kinsey
w ere considered among the nation 's top
doubles teams , refining the lob into a science.
Howard was active in the formation of the
USPTA.
8
outstanding bond was redeemed on Although the Association had never
October 1, 1956.
been accused of prejudice, it originally
At the time Seewagen assumed
office, Executive Director Roy Miller was created as a totally Caucasian
resigned. When he had assumed his
position at the October, 1946 meeting, organization. This requirement was
the Association's membership
consisted of only a handful of the dropped in 1945, long before it
country's tennis and squash
professionals. Miller was instrumental became " fashionable" to do so, but it
in raising the membership to more
than 200 of the nation's top took another 10 years, until1955, for
professionals, including Pauline Betz,
Salrah Palfrey Cooke, Jack Kramer and the first black-Sydney Llewellyn-
Bobby Riggs.
to join.
During Seewagen's term of office,
a model professional contract was � In the 30th year of its existence,
drawn up for use by members and
their clubs. The Association acquired the association officially changed its
an official song, "I'm in the PLTA
Now!" composed by Harold "Dune" name to the United States Professional
Duncan, tennis professional at the
Harbor Club, Seal Harbor, Maine. (No Tennis Association, and honored its
copies seem to be in existence now.)
In that same period, three movies were first president, George Agutter, with
made, apparently under the PLTA
aegis : "Topflite Tennis, Great the first award for distinguished
Moments of Great Matches with the
World 's Greate~t Pros ;" "Tennis by service. At the ti .me, Agutter was 71
Contrast, Comparative Games of �
Riggs, Budge, Perry, Stoefen and and still associated with the West Side
Tilden ;" and "Mixed Troubles," a
tennis comedy with Mickey Rooney, Tennis Club, a relationship that lasted
Walter Pidgeon, Pauline Betz and
Sarah Cooke. The Association's until he retired at the age of 73. That
yearbook indicates the National
Novelty Company was buying used 30th anniversary meeting also saw
tennis balls for 60� a dozen. (In 1977,
28 years later, the price is the same.) ratification by Association members,
In 1952 the yearbook listed a cure of a resolution�requesting open
for tennis elbow, a problem even a
quarter of a century ago. At the 1952 tournaments be held. A joint
mee ting, Dunlop presented plaques
with the Creed of the Tennis committee of the USLTA and the PLTA
Professional , to all members. It was
similar to the present Code of Ethics. had passed the resolution, but the
Divi sions, as envisioned by President
Rericha a decade earlier, came and USLTA rejected the proposal.
went. There were six in 1954, but only
three by 1959. In 1960 the number was Women were playing an integral
back up to six.
part in the Association, and several
Perhaps it is not too surprising
that there was such fluctuation, for it served in various official capacities
wasn't until1954 that requirements for
membership were actually stated. "To during the late 40's, 50's and 60's. The
become a PLTA member, necessary
requirements for teaching and playing first womens' professional tennis
must be passed and personal character
and financial stability cleared." tournament sanctioned by the .
Association was held in May, 1956 at
the River Tennis Club in Milwaukee.
Pauline Betz defeated Doris Hart in
the finals, 6-4, 6-4.
The early 60's, under the direction
of Association President William C.
Lufler, saw amazing growth.
Strict standards of admission for
all prospective members
were established, and membership
increased to more than 550
professionals in eight divisions. Lufler,
concerned with communication
among the professionals, toured the
country urging tennis pros to organize
-whether or not they joined the
US PTA-so there would be some
method of communication. Lufler,
working with the USLTA, set up the
United States Professional Tennis
Registry, and organized the
Professional Tennis Council of the
United States to administer it. It was a
registry for all organized professional
tennis groups, with the USPTA as a
nucleus. Professionals who met the
strict standards established by the
Council were listed in the Registry
which was published in the USLTA's
7935 Wimbledon champions- Sarah Palfrey
Cooke (foreground) , an active Association
m ember, and Helen jacobs .
10
1965 yearbook. Alf new professionals to more than 1000 members. Les other innovative programs were being
were required to undergo testing, and Longshore succeeded Withal!, and Tex explored.
a new era in tennis teaching had Schwab succeeded Longshore.
begun. Alex Gordon, the first president
At this 1974 meeting, at Lakeway, from the western states, became the
Mickey Phillips replaced Lufler Texas, Ray Bovettwas hired as a new head of the Association in 1975
and served two terms, 1967-68, as full-time executive director and and immediately emphasized his
president. Lufler was executive charged with setting up a national major goal would be to unify the
director in 1968, again touring the office. Bovett, a man of ability and Association. He was, to a great degree,
country promoting the theme of imagination, brought an innovative successful. The first Academy run
professionalism, and its values. Jack approach to his task. A national office exclusively by USPTA members was
Barnaby followed Phillips, and his was set up in Houston. Tragically, successful, and another goal of the
prime concern was to make the Bovett suffered a massive coronary, Association was achieved.
Association a truly national and died in April, 1975.
organization. At his invitation, Jack At the San Diego meeting Bill
Campbell-representing the San During his brief tenure, Tym was named executive director of
Diego Tennis Professional Association, Bovett did achieve two major the US PTA, and the national office
an independent group-attended the accomplishments. The Association was moved to Chattanooga. Under his
1969 annual meeting at Miami Beach and its members participated in a leadership, membership has grown to
and agreed to have the San Diego National Play Tennis Week, sponsored more than 2500.
organization join the USPTA. San by "Tennis" magazine, and actively
Diego was quickly followed by supported by the USPTA. In addition, At the 1976 annual meeting in
California, Texas, Inter-Mountain, the Pilot Life Insurance program was Sonesta Beach, Shelly Caldwell
Missouri Valley and South West. By eventually adopted by the USPTA. became the 21st president of the
1972 the Association had Such a program had first been United States Professional Tennis
14 divisions. proposed in 1947. Association and gave indication of
new ideas, new goals and new
Additional achievements and The first USPTA Academy was directions for the future.
goals were reached. In 1972, a 1947 established in 1974 at the Coto de
goal became reality. The Pro Penn ball Caza, with Vic Braden as director. That's the story of the first half
became available exclusively from After one course, the Association and century of the USPTA. But as someone
tennis professiona'!s. Converse Braden mutually agreed to separate. once wrote, "What's Past is Prologue."
provided funds to promote joint That has never been more true than in
USPTA/Converse tournaments. 1975 was a year of positive gains. the case of the USPTA. As important
A larger, better National Play Tennis as the past 50 years have been, and as
By the end of Ted Withall's 1973 Week was held; the liability insurance important as the next 50 will be, 1977
presidency, membership had grown program was increased to $1,000,000; may well be the year that successfully
tax-exempt status was achieved; and unites yesterday with tomorrow.
Bill Tilden and Vinnie Richards (foreground) in the 1918 National Doubles finals at Longwood against Fred Alexander and Beals Wright.
Three year5 earlier, Richards- at age 15- teamed with Tilden to win their first championship.
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13
Re~iniscences of Half a Century He explained he had been
looking for someone like me to teach
by Les Jahn Fifty years ago, when the USPTA his children. That afternoon I taught
was beginning, tennis instruction was them from 2 until 5. Mr. Woodcock
quite often a hit-or-miss matter. A thanked me, and asked what he owed.
young man, Les Jahn, began his tennis I was getting $19 a week for delivering
career that year, 1927, quite by clothes, six days a week. Figuring a
accident. Les is still teaching, and dollar an hour would be fine for a
getting paid for it, at The Delray young yellow, I asked, " Would three
Beach Club. Here are some of his dollars be too much?" "Three dollars
reminiscences of how he got involved an hour? No, that's fine," Mr.
in teaching. Woodcock said.
I began my tennis teach ing career Nine bucks! What was I missing.
accidentally in 1927, when I was 19. The next day, a Sunday, I worked nine
I had a summer job delivering clothes hours and made $27. With that kind of
for a tailor in Spring Lake, New jersey. money it didn 't take me very long to
While delivering clothes to a Mr. decide that was what I really liked and
Woodcock at his home in Sea Girt, I enjoyed. I must honestly say, though ,
looked over a tennis court adjoining it wasn ' t only the money.
the home. Mr. Woodcock, who was
the owner of the court, asked if I was Once I made my decision, I began
a tennis player. I told him I had been full-time teaching at the Sea Girt
on my school's championship team in Municipal Courts. Then I moved to the
California's Bay League. Ocean Grove Tennis Club in Ocean
Grove, New jersey, and spent several
years atthe Stockton Hotel in Sea Girt.
A lot of water has gone under the
bridge since then, and I've been
fortunate enough to hold some of the
top tennis jobs in the country. In the
first 30 years of my professional career,
it was a distinction to hold two top
jobs-in the north and in the south. It
has become very difficult to do that
now, but I have made an effort for the
last 16 years to spend the summer
teaching at the Lake George Sagamore
Hotel in the Adirondacks.
This may sound like an ultra-
glamorous job, and appear to be
an enjoyable life, but there is a much
more serious side than just being
where the sun shines. I am particularly
pleased when I think of the thousands
of students who are healthier because
of their int roduction to tennis. Many
of my students have achieved college
scholarships, and state and national
honors in various classifications. Many
of my pupils have turned out to be
excellent teaching professionals, and
hold outstanding positions throughout
the country.
Any teacher has influence on his
pupils. I feel, though, the teacher is
paid and repaid, as much through his
knowledge of the positive influence
on the pupil as he is paid in money.
I have been fortunate to have
been part of the tremendous
development in tennis during the last
50 years. Now, at the age of 69, I am
teaching at the Delray Beach Club, 100
yards away from the Atlantic Ocean.
So an old guy can 't really complain.
14
THE PRINCE RACKET.
WITHOUT BREAKING ANYRULES,
WE BROKE ALL THE RULES.
teaching staff) , Clark Graebner and
Frank Froehling.
A LARGER SWEET SPOT.
A sweet spot, as if you didn't
know, is the high response zone of the
st rings. A sweet
spot 4 times as
large as that of an
ord inary racket has
an obvious and for~ll!ma:ttSP
enormous benefit
any player- from a
rank beginner to a Wimb
MORE ACCURACY.
LESS EFFORT.
The width of the Prince rac ket
places more of the head's mass further
from t he center of the racket. This
makes the racket twist less in a player's
hand'. Which in turn leads to truer,
more control led shots with less effort.
IT'S EASIER TO
HIT THE BALL HARDER�.
In addition to being wider
for less twist, t he head extends
deeper into the power reg ion.
Thi s combination, wider and
With the help of Howard Head, Prince deeper, is what makes the larger
created a te nnis racket w ith a 50% large r� hitt ing sweet spot on the Prinee. Wh ich gives
area. This new racket weighs no more and offers you more power with the same swing .
no more wind resistance than an ord inary racket. THE IDEAL RACKET
HAS AN IDEAL PRICE.
What's more, it's enti rely / ~
acceptable under the offi- ( ~\ The Prince frame se lls for $65;
cia l ru les of tennis. This
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called the Prince. And about the Prinee you probably want to see
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t
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15
... for an electrifying experience
that will add new dimensions to your
participation in, and appreciation of, tennis.
We can heIp each other.
The United States Professional Tennis Association
is concerned with only one thing ...
service to the profession .
�
��
16
Our charge is to get you involved;
to get you plugged in to the USPTA.
For further information about how you
can become part of this growing organization,
send in the attached card.
Kee p in mind , th o ugh, w e d o n't acce pt eve rybod y.
Yo u' ll have to be t est ed and ce rtified .
W e pl an on bein g th e number on e o utl et fo r th e nati o n's t enni s pro f ess io nals.
17
"Tennis instructors are not, by The tennis pro can use TA to look
at the actual messages he conveys, as
definition, humanists. They're well as the responses he receives.
Generally speaking, Parent messages
engineers, dealing with motor are likely to get Child responses; Adult
messages-rational, objective Adult
responses, physical improbalities, and responses ; and Child messages, Parent
or Child responses.
time-motion studies."
The Parent ego state contains
At least that's the feeling of Jack taught and told messages, from
parents and other authority figures.
Roberts, author of "So You're Going When tennis professionals and
students feel and act as their parent
to Take Tennis Seriously." (Workman figures once did , they are in their
Parent ego state. Because each
Publishing Co., N.Y.) individual has learned unique
attitudes, opinions and prejudices
Unfortunately, you the tennis from his or her parents and others in
authority, each person will be different
professional may feel the same way, from others when acting from the
Parent ego state. Generally, they are
---------------------------------- andignoreyourhumanresponsesand characterized by such words as
the human responses of students. The should, must and always. Attitudes are
judgemental, moralistic and
tennis professional is a teacher, authoritarian.
salesperson, businessperson, public When your students feel and act
as they did in childhood, they are in
relations practitioner and promoter. their Child ego state, with early
experiences coloring their attitudes.
These are human-not engineering When they think and act rationally,
gathering facts, estimating
-skills. probabilities and evaluating results of
their efforts or your teaching, they are
It follows, that without skill in in their Adult ego state.
communicating and relating, your The Adult state may seem to be
the ideal, but it is not always best to
effectiveness in any of your roles will relate solely from it. As a teacher, it is
your concern to give directions: "Shift
for the tennis professional be seriously impaired. On the other your weight" . . . "Racket back."
hand, you can measure your degree of These are positive, firm, informed
success with people according to Parent to Child communications; a
necessity. Compliments: "Great
By Tom Kuby your ability to communicate, be smash" ... "Nice job," are Child to
understood and get the desired action. Child. They give the student a sense of
reward ; a feeling of accomplishment.
Tom Kuby studied TA under psychiatrist One of the newer, easy-to-
Dr. Thomas A. Harris, author of " I'm OK, You ' re understand tools to help the tennis Unfortunately, the lines of
OK, " among others. He has completed pro become more effective in dealing transacting between people are not
advanced TA training and has taught cour5es with students on the court; to help always parallel. As a result,
for more than 2,500 participants. He is president make more sales in the pro shop
of Tom Kuby & Associates, an educational (where applicable); and to help you communication stops. When the lines
consulting firm in Chagrin Falls, Ohio. of communication cross, people feel
misunderstood, surprised or confused.
communicate more effectively and The situation is not conducive to
effective instruction.
understand your own behavior, as
Sometimes communication can
well as the behavior of others, is go awry for no apparent reason. For
example, let's say you make a
Transactional Analysis (TA) . statement of fact, Adult to Adult, to
your student. "A high backhand volley
Originated in 1953 by psychiatrist Dr. requires agility, skill and timing." The
student responds, "What do you want
Eric Berne, TA originally was used as a from a beginner? I'm just starting."
The student is feeling inner stress,
psychotherapeutic technique. Today; responding from his unreasonable
Child to your Parent with crossed
it is broadly used as an effective tool
to understand why people act the way
they do, and serves as a framework
for learning how to improve
communications and interpersonal
relations. Obviously, it has definite
application for the tennis pro.
Our words, gestures, postures,
actions and tone of voice vary with
our "state of mind." According to TA
theory, these states of mind-or "ego
states"-are distinguished as Parent,
Adult and Child. Each has a unique
way of dealing with others. Since
we, ourselves, can decide which
ego to use, we also can make a
conscious decision to change, at
any time, the results we are getting
with students. �
1~
COMPLIMENTARY,
"1. How's your backhand."
88
88 ooo 0 0
oo
Oo
0
"2. Very good".
10
~ta
communication. Thinking in TA terms Manipulative roles are formed CROSSED,
helps to recognize frustration early in childhood, and are continually "1. There are many ways
behavior. It is a sign to stay in our reinforced throughout one's lifetime.
Adult, and not respond from our Child Before the age of five, a child develops to angle a shot:'
or Parent. a concept of worth for himself and
others. They are days of decision and 8
There is one further kind of lead the child to take one of four basic
transaction you as a teaching pro have psychological positions: I'm OK, 8
undoubtedly come across fairly often. You're OK; I'm OK, You're Not OK;
It is "ulterior," and involves more I'm Not OK, You're OK; and I'm Not "2. Don't tell me
than two ego states. A student angrily OK, You're Not OK. how to hit it:'
pounds on the counter in your pro
shop; a student winks seductively. The student with the I'm OK, ~0
Ulterior messages usually are not You're OK position can solve
stated. They are given non-verbally by problems constructively and accept 0
body language, facial expression or the significance of people. If you've
tone of voice. But they are the had students who felt victimized or Ooooo
messages that are understood and persecuted, they are in the I'm OK,
responded to. You're Not OK position, blaming their 0
problems, and lack of skill, on others.
An ulterior message is just what Your students who "lose faith" when 0
it implies. Saying one thing, but they compare themselves to others
meaning another. The words are not are in the I'm Not OK, You're OK
the important aspect. You might tell position. They feel inadequate,
a person looking for a new racket, "We comparing themselves to others, or
only have two of these special rackets listening to their inner Parent messages
left at this price." The message is
seemingly straightforward, but your about how they should perform, how
tone of voice, gesture or posture is they should act, how they should be,
intended to hook the customer with
the hidden, ulterior message-"You'll rather than being themselves,
be sorry if you don't buy this new accepting themselves, and "flowing"
racket now." with the game. They have a tendency
to withdraw and experience
The tennis professional has depression. Carried to its extreme is
certain rules to follow in the game the futility position, I'm Not OK, �
of tennis. But there are psychological You're Not OK, characterized by those
games you and your students also who quickly lose interest, dropping
play. When you play psychological out, giving up. It shows itself on the
games you start out in one of three tennis court when they give up very
manipulative roles: easily without trying, or demonstrate
extreme exasperation.
Persecutor, Rescuer or Victim,
and then switch to another of the Interestingly enough, a basic
three. Unfortunately, people are tennis word-stroke-is an important
part of theTA vocabulary. In TA a
seldom aware they are playing a stimulus is a stroke; a response, a
stroke. These can be positive or
psychological game until it is over. negative. Positive strokes make a
If then. person feel good, alert, alive. Negative
As a teacher, you have probably
played the "I'm Only Trying to Help
You" game. Here, you are acting as
Rescuer, giving advice to someone not
receptive or appreciative. When your
advice is unheeded or refused, you
might switch to the role of Persecutor
and complain, aloud, "Pay attention,
if you want to learn." On the other
hand, you could assume the role of
Victim, inwardly moaning, "Poor me.
I just can't get through to that
student." Or, "Why does it always
happen to me."
Victims seek others who will
act as Persecutors to give them a
psychological kick, or they may look
for Rescuers to assist them . If you
serve as Rescuer a number of times on
the court, you may begin to feel like
a Victim.
20
21
~ta
strokes make someone feel 3. Avoid transacting with
students and members from Critical
humiliated, degraded, demeaned, put Parent and not-OK Child ego states.
down or insignificant. 4. Recognize potentially
destructive psychological games.
ULTERIOR: Just as everyone plays Avoid participating in them even if
YOU MISS OUT IF psychological games, e.ach of us li~es you're encouraged to do so by your
YOU DON'T BUY NOW. out a psychological scnpt. We are rna student. Remember you get into
"1. There are only two left:' script when we feel compelled to act games whenever you say one thing
and mean another. Like tennis, it take
88 out our failure feelings without at least two to play psychological
games.
"2. I'll buy one:' realizing what we're doing. Generally
5. Apply the concept of positive
0 when under stress. stroking to accepted standards of
courtesy. Avoid negative stroking. BE
The tennis pro can recognize specific when complimenting
(stroking) a student. What you strokE
scripts in action through dialogue, for is what you get; a fundamental
concept of behavior modification.
which includes verbal and nonverbal
6. Be aware of your own ego
actions. Non-verbal behavior is shown states and personality (ego portrait).
Be aware of your own internal
on the court when a person tries to be messages-your Parent to Child
perfect or tries h~ud to please you, yet communication, in particular. Use
your own Adult to update archaic
never quite succeeding and feeling messages in your Parent. Be in
tune with reality rather than what
like a loser when criticized. You can you hear internally about what you
should do.
recognize a script in action by the
of littTleA~alilkuee.teLnenaisrnoinngatahkeeasdplleavceel,bisy
strokes-TA strokes, not tennis strokes
doing; by experiencing on a gut level.
-that students give. They would be
With intellectual commitment to
negative, or no strokes at all. You can change behavior, you need specific
see students in script behavior when behavioral actions. You need to
they play psychological games. do something differently. When
They will assume a dramatic role applied, TA can help t~e TP ~void .
communication backfrres by allowrng
of Persecutor, Rescuer or Victim.
you to analyze and understand
KnowingTA, and recognizing
transactions as they occur. It can help
nonproductive or destructive
you recognize psychological games
behavior, is only half of the situation.
In addition to your many other roles as and show how to avoid getting
hooked into this time/energy wasting
a tennis pro, there are things you can
method. It can help you solve
do (the other half) to help your . problem~ and make decisions by ..
getting your Adult in control, avordrng
students change their behavior
the inflexibility of the Parent and
patterns for their benefit and yours.
compliance or rebelliousness of
1. Operate in your Adult and
OK Child ego states most of the time. the Child. It can help you give
You might wish to consider less perform.ance feedback constructively
verbal instruction (Parent to Child (positive strokes) and it can help yo~
communication) and offer more
Adult example. That is, be the change create and maintain a student/teachrn
you want to see happen.
climate characterized by feelings of
2. Recognize ego state
communication in your students mutual respect.
and members, especially counter- And more than anything else, it
productive crossed transactions
from the Parent and Child ego states. can help you become a better tennis
professional ... a real person.
22
NATIOIAL GOLF�TBINIS
Spri.ng BUYERS SHOW
FEBRUARY 20�22, 1977
. at one of the country's finest and most unioue !!Xhibit facilities - i11 the heart of one ot America's maJor
entertainment centers. Combine relaxation and pleasure with business.
]isneJJland~tel
Convention Center
ANAHEIM, CALIFORNIA
BUYER'S REGISTRATION
PRE-REGISTER NOW AND IIIIIIIIIIIII
WIN VALUABLE PRIZES I I PLEASE CHECK CLASSIFICATION
Only buyers who register bt=tore January 15, TYPE OF BUSINESS
1977, will be eligible for the daily drawings D Sporting Goods Store D Wholesaler/Jobber D Manufacturers Rep.
for major prizes (equipment, expense paid D Golf Shop D Importer/Exporter D Other - - - - -
vacation trips, apparel, etc.). Anyone re- 0 Tennis Shop D Department Store
gistering after February 15,1977, or at the D Club Professional D Hardware Stor.e
show will not be included in the drawings.
Your badge will be sent to you upon receipt POSITION D Check here tor Hotel Reservation Form
of the registration form.
D Owner 0 Bu.yer D Manager D Sales Personnel D Other _ _ _ __
TEAR OFF FORM AND IVJAI L TO:
UniVEQSAL TRADE SHOWS, Inc.
10527 Burbank Blvd . North Hollywood , Calif . 91601
1213) 760-1014
23
Order on the court
by Paul Waldman
A
covenant
not to
compete
24
At each of the last two US PTA "unreasonable." On the other hand, a This case holds that in New York
National Conventions, pros have clause which limits the distance to a if you can convince a court there is no
asked me questions about clauses in radius of three miles, and the time to way you can effectively solicit your
their club contracts which would two months, might be reasonable and former pupils or disclose secrets of
forbid them from accepting therefore enforceable. One factor your former employer, you might
employment at a different club, the court might consider in its succeed in knocking the covenant out.
within a certain distance from the determinations is the number of clubs, This would be true even if it is
first club, once their present term of and their location outside the required otherwise reasonable as far as time
employment was over. geographic limit, at which the pro and space are concerned. There is,
could obtain other employment. however, an exception to this
Is this kind of "covenant not to indicated in the decision above.
compete" legal, I was asked. My reply The point is both parties must be If the first employer can prove your
was-and-is__:_a firm , definite maybe. reasonably protected.lhe pro must be services were " special, unique or
allowed to earn a living without extraordinary," the covenant may still
It is all contingent upon the necessarily having to move his home be enforced. One example where
wording of the contract, the location to another locality. And in fairness, the this may have relevance to the USPTA
of the second club, other factual club owner must be protected from member is in the case of a very
circumstances and the particular local having his membership siphoned off prominent pro, whose name serves as
law. to a competing club, without being a.n inducement for drawing members.
given some period of time to try and
Generally, in order to be legal hold on to them. Somewhat analogous is the
and enforceable, a covenant must, at situation which arises when a salesman
the very least, be reasonably limited in A leading New York case, leaves his job for another job.
time and space. This protects both Purchasing Associates, Inc. v. Weitz, Generally, confidential customer lists
employer and employee. The key 13 N.Y. 2d 267, sets forth additional of the first employer, built up over the
word is " reasonable," and this is a requirements : years, are considered the employer's
matter for the cour-t to decide. property and are protected by the
"Thus, a covenant by which an courts. Other customer lists, available
For example, if the contract says employee simply agrees, as a to anyone through a public source
at the end of your employment you condition of his employment, not (telephone book, industry directory,
ag.ree not to obtain employment to compete with his employer etc.) are not protected.
with another club within 100 miles after they have severed relations
of the present club for the next two is not only subject to the Some states have passed statutes
years, this clause is predictably overriding limitation of restricting covenants not to compete
' reasonableness' but is enforced much more severely than I have
only to the extent of his former indicated, particularly when they are
employer's trade secrets, not coupled with the sale of a
processes or formulae [citing business. In addition, the courts of
cases] or his solicitation of, or some states are stricter than others in
disclosure of any information interpreting these clauses. If you have
concerning, the other's customers. a specific pmblem with this kind of
[citing cases] If, however, the clause, you might be well advised to
employee's services are deemed consu It with your own attorney.
'special, unique or extraordinary',
then, the covenant may be
enforced by injunctive relief, if
'reasonable,' even though the
employment did not involve the
possession of trade secrets or
confidential customer lists."
25
Bouncing
around the
US PTA
�. ���� ���������������������.�� ���.����.....����.. .���� �������� ��
�
.��� ~ :������������������
�
:�
��� ���
Division news contains activities, MIDWEST's Women's SOUTHERN's annual corwention
events, and personnel changes through- Committee will conduct a clinic on and awards banquet will be held in
out the country. Please submit your February 12 at one of the Virginia Slims Destin, Florida, beginning February
information for the next issue by semifinal matches, the third year 10. Seminars will cover a variety of
February 28, 1977. MPTA pros have held such a program. topics, including Stroke Production,
EASTERN is planning a Golden On February 25 the Division will hold Merchandising, Prevention and Cure
another clinic, this one in conjunction of Tennis Injuries, Stringing and
Jubilee Journal in recognition of with the United Airlines-sponsored Gripping. A drawing for 500 silver
the USPTA's 50th anniversary. In Travel Agent Tennis Doubles dollars w ill highlight the program. A
conjunction with the anniversary, the Tournament. Illinois and Wisconsin skill test championship, a "fun"
Division anticipates holding a major PTA members will have an opportunity tournament and a tournament for
celebration dinner at Forest Hills in to compete for $1000 in prize money. wives-after a clinic designed for
September, during the Nationals. The Division has set a membership them-will be featured.
MIDDLE ATLANTIC will hold a goal of 500 by fall, in time for the SOUTHWEST held its annual
USPTA Las Vegas Convention .
Coaches' Mini Acade111y at Linden Hill convention and dinner meeting in
Hotel and Racket Club in Bethesda, USPTA President Shelly Caldwell mid-January at the Randolph Tennis
Md., March 16-18. Panelists include will direct a Coaches Clinic at Center in Tucson. A Pro of the Year
Mike Eikenberry, Four Star Tennis Cincinnati's Marriott Inn and Queen was selected, and special awards were
Academy Director; Bob Bayliss, head Racquet Club on March 12-13. Other presented. The Division has donated
coach atthe U.S. Naval Academy; Lois USPTA participants include Steve a perpetual US PTA Trophy for
Blackburn, head coach at Mary Contardi, Dick Lefevre and Dave Sportsmanship to the Phoenix Tennis
Baldwin College ; and Bob Heald, head Power. Congratulations to Lee Adams District and Tucson Tennis District of
professional at the Raleigh Racket who has left the Chagrin Valley
Club. All are MAPTA members. The Racquet to assume new duties as head the USTA. Awards will be presented
division also is working on establishing pro at the Chevy Chase Country Club
a MAPTA tournament circuit, and in Washington. USPTA pros John annually to a boy and girl, in any one
making its annual meeting a Adams (Lee's brother) and Joan Beatty of the junior categories, who exhibits
combination buying show, seminar have moved with Lee, to assist him exemplary conduct during tournament
program and tournament. in Washington. play. A three-person committee,
including one US PTA member, will
make the determination.
26
WITH USPTA 4 f}UALIFYIN6 STEPS PRECEDE A
USPTA PROFESSIONAL DESIGNATION
CUSTOMERS COME LAST
The path to becoming a USPTA Pro- Screening, checking, testing and
fessional begins with an application for classifying precede a USPTA
membership that shows the applicant's
sponsor, name and addresses of former "Professional" designation. With USPTA,
and present employers, and a perform- the customers come last because it is
ance history. The application goes to a felt a pupil should benefit from the
National Testing and Classification
Committee for review to assure the experience of his or her tennis teacher,
rigid requirements of the USPTA are not just contribute to it.
met.
A USPTA Professional gets the
Next references and sponsorship Association's complete and unqualified
are carefully checked out at the
USPTA's national headquarters. endorsement as a competent, exper-
An application may require in- ienced and thoroughly tested teacher
volvement of the USPTA's Execu- of tennis. This designation also assures
tive Director Bill Tym, and one or owners, club managers and members
more secretaries or clerks.
they are dealing with the very best
After verifications, the applicant in the tennis teaching field.
must pass an on-court standard
c~rtification test administered USPTA members also share in many
by USPTA's Classification and association benefits including legal
Testing Committee. Prior to
taking this test, an applicant and public relations counsel, a money
may elect to enroll in various saving insurance program, reduced
USPTA improvement clinics in- rates on workshop clinics,
cluding the organization's Tennis subscription to an informative
Academy.
monthly newsletter and job placement
assistance.
For additional info:mation on USPTA
and membership, write or phone Bill
Tym, USPTA Executive Director.
The fmal step is a written test. The
coveted designation "USPTA
Professional" awaits those who
score high on this test and meet
the challenging performance and
experience requirements.
With these qualifying steps behind The United States
him and a USPTA endorsement, the Professional Tennis Association
member can now anticipate the 6701 Highway 58- Harrison, Tenn. 37341
respect and confidence of his
customers . . . Which Is Why The Phone: (615) 344-8397
Customers C'ome Last In the First
Place.
27
NEXT IN "addvantage" USPTA Calendar
Playing the Game with Uncle Sam Feb. 9-13 Southern Division Annual Meeting,
Taxi ng Yo ur Cred ib ili ty, Too. Sand Dest i n Resort ; Destin , Florida .
Plus, the Annual USPTA Feb. 12 MPTA Clinic at semi-final match ofVirginia Slims Tournament,
Membership Directory.
Chi cago Amp hi t heatre.
Sp readin g Its Win gs
March 11-13 Mid Atlantic Division Coaches Mini Academies,
Lin den Hi ll Hote l & Racket Clu b ; Bethesda, Maryland.
March 31-April3 USPTA National Indoor Championships,
Oakwoo r Racquet Cl ub ; Wa ukega n, irli nois.
May 2 Southwest Division Testing,
Rando lph Ten ni s Clu b; Tucso n, A rizo na.
Sept. 18-23 USPTA Annual Convention,
Las Vegas, Nevad a.
In Future Issues: USPTA Mini-Coaches Academies
The Eyes Have It March 4-6 Westchester, Pennsylvania
A n Op ht halm o log ist Keeps Hi s Eye Direct o r : Ro n Woods
on th e Ba ll. Jim Sh akes pea re, A ll en Koth .
As Great as all Indoors March 11-13 Bethesda, Maryland
W hat's It Like U nder t he Li ghts. Direct o r : Mike Eikenbe rry
Lois Blac kburn , Ro bert Hea ld , Robe rt Bay li ss.
The Courting Game
March 11-16 Queen City Racquet Club- Cincinnati, Ohio
L~ o ki ng fo r a Job?
Di rec t o r : Sh e ldo n Ca ldwell
Teaching the Teacher Steve Co ntardi , Di ck Lefevre, Dave Powe r.
New Meth od s of In stru ct io n . March 18-20 Sudbury, Massachusetts
The Club Over Your Head Directo r : Jac k Ba rn aby,
Dave Fi sh, Ed Seru es.
W hat Does a Clu b Owner Wa nt f ro m
Hi s Pro? March 18-20 Secaucus, New Jersey
Net Profits Direct o r : Bob Perkin s,
Paul Ly nn er, Jeff Dum ansky.
Eco no mi cs fo r th e Pro.
March 18-20 Greensboro, North Carolina
Direct o r : Jim Has lim
M ike Corthum , Jeff Frank.
April 8-10 Costa Mesa, California
Di rect o r : Chet Mu rph y
Paul Xa nth os, Jim Ve rdi ec k .
Fo r App li ca ti o ns To Th ese Acade mi es
Write or Ca ll : Bob Perkins 201-386-0930
523 Allentown Road, Parsippany, New Jersey 07054
Spec ify w hi c h site.
28