🎾 Tennis Strokes And Chiến Thuật¶
Giới Thiệu¶
Tennis Strokes And Chiến Thuật — tài liệu 57 trang từ thư viện sách tennis.
Chủ đề chính: Chiến thuật, Racket
Tóm tắt nội dung (trích từ tài liệu gốc): ^ SURREY PUBLIC LIBRARY a ^ffl* STROK'ES and^TACTICS llliJP Swlnq the racket up and across Improve your game Lift your With step-by-step analysis and Transfer your body weight multi-angle photography Keep watching John Littleford & Andrew Magrath the ball Tennis is a fabulous game that seems to bring the best out of people, whatever their background or wherever they come from. The first time, as toddlers, that our parents threw us a tennis ball, our passion . . for the sport was born, and watching Wimbledon on television from an early age further fueled our enthusiasm Witnessing McEnroe's epic
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Nội Dung Gốc (Tiếng Anh)¶
^ SURREY PUBLIC LIBRARY a ^ffl*
STROK'ES and^TACTICS llliJP
Swlnq the racket
up and across
Improve your game Lift your
With step-by-step analysis and Transfer your
body weight
multi-angle photography
Keep watching
John Littleford & Andrew Magrath the ball
Tennis is a fabulous game that seems to
bring the best out of people, whatever their
background or wherever they come from.
The first time, as toddlers, that our parents threw us a tennis ball, our passion
. . for the sport was born, and watching Wimbledon on television from an early age
further fueled our enthusiasm Witnessing McEnroe's epic encounters with Bjorg
and later the athletic antics of Boris Becker, made many tennis kids dive across the
. court to reach a volley at no thought of injury to themselves, even those who played
on tarmac
Teaching is in our blood, since we both have parents who taught, and we count
ourselves very fortunate to be able to teach others this wonderful sport that we
both love. It gives us a real buzz to see the satisfied faces of people enjoying the
. skills we have imparted. That is why we are so passionate about the simple system
we have described in this book If you follow it thoroughly you will literally be
playing tennis in minutes, and the tennis world will be yours.
About this book
: I � SS Additional notes
explain the natural
-er movements of
, the player
WS
- r a. s o!s I
W5 Direclional arrows
-- indicate the swing
of the racket
seer zt the m I -. Accurate
photography
- &e�a t for a - SSf rSSV - �- * covers alt
- noe^ ~'2" ding ! the angles
:
action
5r:\S�i 1
- Ik KBsora : ange
l s r""arced * � yS...!-�, Regular "manlras"
2 aetad T remind you of the
- '
� --- key concepts to
remember as
i . -- you play
to strokes 4 racket movement
ball bounce
ball direction
A A
ball spin
I i racket butt aim
player 5 movement
i or posture i
i i
- earning the ropes/Tactics Key elements of the
game are examined
* rack section rounds * in detail
ac the other important " Simple diagrams
ef"ents of the game. illustrate the points
discussed
Added notes provide
useful snippets of
information
the
strokes
You may have heard that tennis is a
complicated sport to learn, when this simply
is not the case -- especially now that you
have this book to guide you through. The only
thing complicated about tennis is the way
it is sometimes taught.
Novak Djokovic of Serbia
reaches for a wide
forehand return during
the French Ooen.
[ 10If )First steps
gLU
. C�
t/1
Many coaches launch into teaching complete beginners techniques that
LU are way beyond their grasp Many beginners feel clumsy at first, even just
X
holding a racket, yet coaches expect them to perform the perfect swing
while remaining fairly static. Not only is this approach complicated and
awkward, it is, for the most part, completely boring. The student is not
rallying or playing points, basically doing none of the things that make
tennis exciting.
So what's the answer? The techniques described on the following pages
set the novice tennis player on a positive road to success, ensuring that
you feel comfortable with the ball and the strokes before you even pick
up a racket, and all the while learning the rules and tactics of the game.
Learn with the hands first
A good way to begin learning to play "Pushing and posing:" Push ...and move the hand over the
tennis is to do so without a racket the ball up with the hand...
This may start with a simple game shoulder, elbow pointing forward.
Repeat with a racket: hold the
of throw and catch, an exercise that racket at the throat, imagining Pull the racket up and over
the shoulder, racket butt
. teaches how to move naturally to the the racket head is your hand. pointing forward.
ball Further exercises without the
racket allow you to learn about the
coordination of how to receive the ball,
. and can help you get to grips with the
rules of tennis by introducing points
Exercises include learning how
to push the ball with the hands but
without swinging the arms. You can
also rally over the net with a partner
. just by pushing the ball to each other
Your feel for the ball will start to
. develop, but more importantly you will
have fun
As you progress through the shots
depicted in this book, including the
forehand topspin, backhand, serve and
. so on, do so with the hands first, to
enhance your feel for the ball Even just
by using the hands you will be able to
spin the ball as it would when struck
with the racket, the only difference is
that the racket will impart more power.
Playing games with a partner using
just your hands allows you to learn
basic tennis tactics in order to win.
L
" - - eking the ball 11
- - h- �:-'eed to learn to focus on what Both hands
than on racket
ter acre - g in front of you, rather
Track with
Mar s o: ng on behind you. You do Upper body the racket
has turned
fe a rs:< ng the ball in front of the naturally
� - * -- - r a : e racket
~--:rg the ball in front of you
. P ars :, simply line it up with the
*aaoec �:u men take a backswing as
toe os c:mces, a technique that is
ca :: timing the ball well.
Track with
the strings
REMEMBER Forehand: Track the ball with the Backhand: Track with the racket
racket in front. Hold with both
"'ack the bait butt. Don't let go with the non-
th the racket hands, until the ball bounces.
dominant hand until you're ready
to swing.
Strike the pose Keep watching
the ball, even
�ext step involves developing after you've hit it
toe �ush on each shot, which means
REMEMBER
tor:* - g where the racket should finish Always
finish
s~er the ball is struck. This is known
tc *sr *mg the pose." For example, with
:as c forehand topspin, the racket
V:-es up over the shoulder.
As ,ou read on you will notice that
-earn stroke illustrates exactly where
e snot finishes after contact with the
:a. . Again, you can first learn these
- V ; es just by using your hands.
Transfer your body
weight from one leg
to the other as you
hit the ball
v& '
12 REMEMBER
Choose the right
I Get a grip
grip for you
tn When you do come to learn with the racket, you will notice that top
x players hold the racket right at the bottom of the grip, as do the
models in this book. However, you should not expect to start with this
grip so soon after using just your hands. With practice and experience,
grip progressions will eventually get you to this point. For example,
when learning the forehand topspin, instead of holding the racket at
the bottom of the grip, try holding it by the throat, and hit some shots
from here first. As time goes on you can eventually slide your hand
down as you start to feel more comfortable. You can do this with every
shot you play.
Many coaches are at loggerheads with
. each other as to which grips are best to
use for various shots You may get your
head spun as to which you should use
too. However, by examining the grips
available for use on different shots you
can choose whichever one feels good
for you. Trying out all of the grips will
inform you not only of which are the
best for you, but also of how you might
use different grips for shots of differing
height For example, on a forehand
topspin you may use an eastern grip
for forehands that bounce up to beiow
shoulder height, but then move your
grip farther around to a semi- or even
. a full western grip for shoulder height
and above
Rafael Nadal
demonstrates a
powerful two-handed
topspin backhand.
- -e^tal/hammer grip
-- Bta - ; s sed for a variety of shots. Wrist is laid off slightly
with the index finger
PMt? ' � ~e thumb and index finger acting as a "trigger
finger ""
-- HHbe -r grip from both sides.
IIS' - e s e ve this grip provides
* - ra ~e> dirty and pronation when
allow you to spin the
HI f'ereas any other grip may
r: $ normally employed in the Keep wrist Wrist is laid
Laid in for off for all
- oeca se you can play a forehand other shots.
serves or
irand volley without having smashes .
pa*ar:e ,cur grip, which is useful,
Mper -aK~s* nen the ball comes at you
oer you
hour. It also lets
ooen the racket face when
- t . ble to hit a topspin forehand
m 3ao* and with this grip, although
|l=" of topspin you will generate
T - : -i and the chances of the ball
HBout are increased.
� astern forehand grip Hold as if you were
shaking hands; the hand
K : : s similar to a shaking-hands is slightly olf-center
- - 7. arc ,ou would normally use it for
bht 0 = o'ehand topspin.
""e angle of the grip allows the
a C` i ~ 'ace to close more than a
3 - - -e'tai grip, so there is less chance
. 9 ca flying out when you are
bRsr - g up the back of it
tt:ayers have been known to use
. ~B : for a forehand volley as well
Fingers Wrist is
spread up laid off.
the grip
sr.off wrist: This means Used for
wrist is angled backward,
. " cocked " �Forehand topspin
2 in wrist: The wrist is �Forehand drive
r - aighter, more in line with volley
*e arm or angled slightly �Forehand
-inward. topspin lob
�Forehand volley
14 Hand is positioned
behind the grip
<J )
Wrist is Thumb is on
^ Semi-western grip laid off. top of the grip.
cr
m This is perhaps the most commonly
^ used forehand topspin grip, with the
i-- hand sitting just behind the racket grip.
With this grip you can usually hit an
. effective forehand topspin at any height
and on any surface
The grip also increases the amount
of rotation on the ball, allowing more
safety when you accelerate the strings
up the back of the ball. It is also
great for younger players starting out,
because they can use it on high balls,
. which could arrive in abundance for
small children
Full western grip The hand is in a more
extreme position,
This is an extreme forehand grip underneath the grip
with the hand almost underneath
the racket grip.
It is commonly used by clay-court
players, and small junior players who
continually have to hit head-height
balls. This grip produces large amounts
of topspin.
Wrist is Hand is right
underneath
laid off. the grip.
�Forehand smash T
�Forehand topspin
�Forehand drive
volley
�Forehand
topspin lob
15
One-handed topspin backhand grip
The grip is held as Here you can see the nature of the
if it were a bicycle
handlebar, wilh the one-handed topspin grip. There is also
wrist laid off and the
knuckles on lop an eastern backhand grip and a semi-
western backhand grip.
The hand is more or less on top of
the grip in a bicycle-grip fashion. Like
the forehand grips, these grips will
close the racket face as you brush
up the ball, and prevent the ball from
flying out
Used for The wrist is angled so the
racket is square to the ball
� One-handed on contact.
topspin backhand As with the other grips, the
fingers are spread. The
� One - handed
hand is on top of the grip.
topspin backhand
drive volley Two-handed topspin backhand grip
� Backhand Top hand Inon- This grip is used for more comfort and
topspin lob dominant] is in power on your backhand side.
a forehand grip;
Used for dominant hand is in The non-dominant hand is closer to
the most comfortable
� Two-handed position the throat of the racket in a forehand
grip of your choice. This hand is actually
topspin backhand
. the driving force behind this shot, not
� Two-handed
your dominant hand Your dominant
backhand hand merely sits at the bottom of the
drive volley grip in any posture that's comfortable
for you. Make sure that your hands are
� Backhand
touching but not overlapping.
topspin lob
The wrist of the non-dominant
hand is laid off. As with all
spin-imparting grips, Ihe
racket head is below the hand.
The non-dominant hand
adopts a natural grip, in
this case a semi-western.
CT>
forehand topspin
LEFTSIDE BEHIND RIGHT SIDE FRONT VIEW FROM ABOVE
P i m % # \
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18
<--/> Forehand topspin (
. Lf) The forehand topspin is the most commonly used shot in tennis 4
UJ
It involves the player hitting the ball on their dominant side 0b i9
f-- after the bounce, and tends to be the most favored and most
i�
powerful shot within a player's arsenal.
Timing
All successful strokes in tennis rely on efficient timing, which
involves counting from one to five fairly quickly when "waiting"
for the ball. Count `one* when the ball hits the floor and "five"
when you strike it Grips
Topspin k Choose from the semi-western
grip (above), the full western
Topspin is essentially when the ball is struck with a brushing-
grip or the eastern grip (see
up effect that causes it to rotate vigorously in a forward pages 13-UI.
trajectory. This causes the ball to dip and land safely in m
the court
Get ready You will develop a Focus m Keep the
powerful groundstroke the eyes head still
ft weapon, struck with large on the -
amounts of topspin. Aim to ball
hit the ball around 4 feet
(1m) above the net.
I i Relax your
Brush up grip
for topspin
I - i
Stand in the ready '7 Always push
position with the
racket held in front in - up from the
a forehand grip. Keep
knees slightly bent, n C' C 5
ready to move fast.
Have the 4
feet in -2ZM
an open &
stance a�
19
'^ 1 Line UP lfie
racket with
'- acking the ball
the ball
.-i ou wait for the ball you should
The racket is supported with
3 s o be tracking it, with the racket both hands while pointing
- r d in front of you.
slightly toward the ball.
Keep both
hands on
the racket
*ne racket is tilted forward as The body is leaning to the
forehand side as the player
-e ball is tracked, while being moves naturally toward the ball.
supported by the non-dominant
Transfer body
and. weight to
the outside foot
Angle the
racket MANTRA
slightly Track the ball
forward
As the player tracks and moves
toward the ball, notice that the
non-dominant arm is positioned
across the body.
20
_IT) Lay the
wrist off
-
Notice the racket supported
Z above the hand with the wrist
laid off. Also notice the dominant
cr Backswing arm, flexed and relaxed.
LU Once the ball has bounced, take a Relax
your grip
x backswing, keeping your arm and
You can see the body weight
grip relaxed as you do so.
pushed down onto the outside
Turn the
shoulders leg in an open stance.
' Putt the
upper body
S around
i
The racket face is angled away
from the player due to the wrist
being laid off.
Take a backswing
after the ball has
bounced 4
l
As the backswing is taken, the
non-dominant hand stays across
the body. This hand continues to
track the ball.
I _ r :- * ard swing 21
start the forward swing, drop
/ Racket face
* - t et head and close the racket is closed
~ T ~ e wrist remains laid off. Notice the racket head is now
dropped below the hand with
Have an the wrist laid off. The racket
open face is closed.
stance Lift the body
upward
pper:ta pull
flr -r it' st is laid off with the The body weighl remains on the
outside leg, but now the body is
jptr - s -beurtat cpkoeint thinegadtoiws abredlotwhe lifting upward.
Push your foot
'a n d.
into the floor
Start to
open up The rackel face is square and
the upper the head is slightly dropped
body below the hand. The body is
lifting upright.
T
22 Leading with the
top edge, pull the
un racket head upward
I' Make contact
Contact point with a square
7( ) racket face
yxd Contact is made with the ball via a
low-to-high brushing-up effect in Notice the racket head is
order to impart topspin. You can square on the ball, but the
make contact at any height up to head is still slightly dropped
head height. below the hand.
Keep the
head still The rackpt wil
travel up over
mmmrn the opposite
shoulder
You can see the contact point
comfortably in front with the The body is pushed right up
elbow flexed. The racket head on tiptoe, with body weight
will now accelerate upward. distributed equally on both legs.
Use the -- Open out the
forearm to
achieve spin upper body
The racket face is square and
the head is slightly dropped
below the hand. The body is
lifting upright. The wrist then
turns to achieve spin.
.:;;- c topspin with the End with a
shoulder
x :.r shoulder. finish
Lift /our Notice the racket head over the
eoow up shoulder. The body weight is
transferred to the opposite leg
:he chest to aid recovery.
Fully
extend
the body
can see the Notice the racket head over
comment arm the opposite shoulder, and the
non-dominant hand in line with
- Srecfty forward. the cheek.
Upper Transfer body
body has weight to the
fully opposite foot
rotated
) MANTRA
Tie racket butt and elbow FROM THE FRONT
Racket butt and
.-.point forward. The player still elbow face
atches the ball, anticipating
the next shot. opponent
'V ro
TWO-HANDED TOPSPIN FROM ABOVE
backhand
LEFTSIDE BEHIND RIGHT SIDE FRONT VIEW
cron
\
26
_ Two-handed topspin backhand
oc
^ This is a double-fisted shot when playing a
x groundstroke on your non-dominant side. Many
juniors use this shot, but many top professionals
. utilize it as well By using two hands you will develop
vast amounts of control and power.
Timing A two-
All successful strokes in tennis rely on efficient
timing, which involves counting from one to five fairly handed grip
with hands
. quickly when "waiting" for the ball Count "one" when touching and your
non-dominant hand in
the ball hits the floor and "five" when you strike it a forehand grip
Topspin
Topspin is essentially when the ball is struck with a
- brushing up effect that causes it to rotate vigorously
. in a forward trajectory This causes the ball to dip and
land safely in the court
Get ready Your non-dominant hand
must be the driving force
behind this shot, not your Keep the Brush up
dominant hand. Aim to hit head still for topspin
the ball about 4 feet (1m) and focus
above the net. your eyes
on the ball
Rotate
the trunk
Stand in the ready ,va x;.m V.vfi
position with both hands
in forehand grips and Have your feet in _. y
the racket in front. Keep either a closed
knees slightly bent, or open stance
ready to move.
wm?
27
c es toward Notice how the racket is tracking
Ihe ball in front of the player on
- r ic '* the racket the backhand side.
"'ack the ball by
lining it up wilh
the racket
2E
o
X
r>
--a
r
o
a
2
z
3:
n>
i1
. HMvr;wcx can see the body >
Notice how the racket is tracking C5
^Hhsr.r; . to shift to the
' C Slr slightly in front of the player with
Follow both hands on the grip. fO
the ball wilh
the racket
Start to rotate -
�ne upper body
MANTRA
Track the ball
Body weight shifts lo the AB
backhand side as the player
tracks the ball in front. BMW!
28 The upper body has naturally
_X turned during the backswing,
and the player pushes down into
QL Backswing
the floor.
:
Trame is
^x As the ball bounces, take a
backswing with the time you perpendicul
have available. Make sure your
supporting hand drives the to the groun
racket.
backswing
Turn the
upper body
You can either be in open or From here you can again see
closed stance depending on the how the upper body has
naturally turned during the
position of the ball. Let this
backswing. Hands are close
happen naturally. together on the grip.
Push your body Relax the non -
weight down into dominant wrist
the floor
:
The player's eyes are on the ball,
focusing purely on the timing
and spin of the shot. !
29
*�ead
� "ead up to
IMbchaad below the
H�rr a-c tresen.
-- Zrzc �'acket head The body weight
Z� 're is loaded on the
outside foot
sac* st the sail
The racket is dropped prior to
acceleration up the back of the
ball, to achieve lift and spin.
�
o
3
>z
3
x
3
Q
3
S
3
Z
X
o>
3
>
3
a
* - -- r ssr e racket Notice how the upper body is >
CD
btsecw *ne wrists
mm race s . qhtly tilted still turned. The racket head is to
Ose:
slightly below the hands, and the ~~
z~iOari to
racket face is closed.
�orrrusiy unwind
Point the front
f�s -ccer body shoulder toward
the ball
s ccmt the player is about
e::e e' j'c :he Approach the ball
with the rackel
:=:� of the ball for topspin. from low to high
V
.I
30 Leading with the top
edge, pull the racket
CD head upward
LU
Take an open
o stance but be
Contact point ready to step
in if it feels
cn necessary
w Count "one" on the bounce followed The racket head remains Start toI
slightly below the hands on the body
�- by a brisk count, brushing up on the contact as the player pulls
the racket head up.
ball when you reach "five."
Brush up the
back of the ball
for topspin
Unwind the
upper body
W
The body is lifted as the The player contacls the ball from
player makes contact with a low- to-high swing and pulls
the racket head up.
the ball in front.
Pull the racket
Start to shift up with the non-
the weight to dominant hand
the opposite
The racket is fairly square at
Use the the point of contact with the
forearms to
achieve spin | ball. The strings are brushing
' up the ball to create spin.
31
-- End the shot with
a shoulder finish
Notice how the player's body
weight has now transferred
oS
--
s>z
o
so
2
z
77
o
X
>_
erj
>-
You can clearly see the body
weighl now transferred to the m
cm
opposite leg as the player CN
finishes the shot.
The body weight
is now on the
opposite leg
;not over the shoulder, but still M MANTRA
watches the ball, anticipating Finish with
racket butt and
the next shot. elbow facing
opponent
ONE-HANDED TOPSPIN OJ
backhand ro
LEFTSIDE BEHIND RIGHT SIDE FRONT VIEW FROM ABOVE
One-handed topspin backhand
This is a single-handed shot when playing a
groundstroke on your non-dominant side. Using one
hand on your backhand significantly increases your
reach capacity.
Timing Grips
All successful strokes in tennis rely on efficient
Choose from the eastern grip,
timing, which involves counting from one to five
fairly quickly when "waiting" for the ball, Count "one" the semi-western grip and the
when the ball hits the floor and "five" when you
continental grip Isee pages
strike it. 13 and 14). Imagine you are
Topspin holding a "bicycle" grip with
Topspin is essentially when the ball is struck with a your knuckles on top.
brushing-up effect that causes it to rotate vigorously
in a forward trajectory. This causes the ball to dip
and land safely in the court
Get ready Just like other topspin
shots, brush up the back
of the ball and lift it 4 feet
Mm) above the net.
Gain power
by squeezing
the shoulder
blades
Brush up
for topspir
Stand in the ready
position with the
racket in front
and with the
non-dominant hand
supporting the racket
throat. Keep knees
slightly bent, ready
to move.
&5 Tracking the ball
Find your grip and track the ball by
pointing the racket butt toward it.
Position the Track the Notice how the racket butt
racket head ball with the is pointing toward the ball
above the wrist racket butt in front of the player on the
backhand side.
Start to
rotate the
upper body
From here you can see the body Notice how the non-dominar
weight starting to shift to the hand supports the racket thre
and how the wrist is cocked
backhand side.
watch
ft Push down the ball
through Point the
racket butt
the foot at the ball
I The body weight shifts to the
backhand side as the player
MANTRA tracks the ball in front.
- Point the
racket butt
- . ��uSvunr* 'i