🎾 Kovacs Gullikson Female Synchronized Serves Usta Hp Coaching Newsletter 2010¶
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Tóm tắt nội dung (trích từ tài liệu gốc): High Performance Coaching 5 Vol. 11, No. 2 Synchronized Serves II servers). As the ball toss is one area that many players struggle to perform consistently (especially by Mark Kovacs, PhD, CSCS - Sr. Manager, Sport under pressure), it needs to be simple to perform Science/Strength & Conditioning/Coaching Education and easy to replicate. Notice that both players & Tom Gullikson, National Coach have released the ball, after their tossing arm has elevated from the inside of the front leg, in-line with The serve is easily the most complicated stroke in the baseline. This ball release motion is pre
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High Performance Coaching 5
Vol. 11, No. 2
Synchronized Serves II servers). As the ball toss is one area that many
players struggle to perform consistently (especially
by Mark Kovacs, PhD, CSCS - Sr. Manager, Sport under pressure), it needs to be simple to perform
Science/Strength & Conditioning/Coaching Education and easy to replicate. Notice that both players
& Tom Gullikson, National Coach have released the ball, after their tossing arm has
elevated from the inside of the front leg, in-line with
The serve is easily the most complicated stroke in the baseline. This ball release motion is preferable
tennis and one area that seems to provide some major to a straight on (perpendicular with the baseline)
differences between the men's and women's game. ball-toss release as it allows for greater rotational
The question needs to be asked as to why we notice a loading (i.e. hip and shoulder turn). This is one area
difference in serve speed, spin and consistency at the that both Stosur and Henin do extremely well and
junior, collegiate and professional level between male and is something that is a major factor in effectively
female players. Is it a strength issue, a technique issue and synchronizing the following six components of the
priority of training issue? All these components may play a serve. It is also important to note that both players
role, but to be successful at any level having a technically release at the same relative height - when their
proficient service motion is vital to improved results. In tossing arm is just above the eye level.
last issue (Vol. 11 No. 1), we analyzed two male servers
in the professional game, Andy Roddick and Fernando 3. LOADING � Photo 3 showcases the loading position
Verdasco. In this issue we are focusing on two of the best for both players. Efficient loading mechanics are
servers in the women's game � Sam Stosur and Justine displayed, though Henin uses a platform (or foot back)
Henin. The complexity of the serve and coordination of the technique, whereas Stosur uses a pinpoint (or foot
movements require the effective utilization of the ground to up) technique. It is important to highlight the use of
push against and help transfer the forces developed from the back leg involvement during this loading phase.
the ground up through the kinetic chain and out into the Both players do a good job of pushing hard into the
ball. If any of the links in the chain are not synchronized ground during this loading stage which develops high
effectively the outcome of the serve will not be optimal. levels of potential energy (stored energy), which will
It is generally noticed that the synchronization of these be utilized as kinetic energy (usable energy) during
links are not as consistent in female servers and the the acceleration phase of the serve. This back leg
purpose of this article is to highlight eight major areas to involvement during the loading stage is one area that
focus on when analyzing or developing an effective high both players execute well, and many other female
performance serve. servers at all levels of the game sometimes struggle to
effectively load. Both athletes have full non-dominant
The serve can be broken down into 3 Phases and 8 arm extension, and each player's front hip is pushing
Stages (including the start and finish). into the court - which also aids in the storage of
greater amounts of energy that can be converted
Phase Stage during the remainder of the serve.
Preparation 1. Start
2. Release 4. COCKING � Photo 4 highlights how similar effective
Acceleration 3. Loading servers should be at this point in the service
Follow-Through 4. Cocking motion. Although both players use different starting
5. Acceleration mechanics in the upper and lower body, at the
6. Contact cocking stage of the service motion they have nearly
7. Deceleration identical positions. Notice the racket head is pointing
8. Finish to the ground (requiring phenomenal external
rotation at the shoulder). A line can be drawn from
PREPARATION the dominant to the non-dominant shoulder (termed
"shoulder-over-shoulder" position) and also from the
1. START - Photo 1 highlights the starting position of back hip to the front hip ("hip-over-hip" position). This
the serve and it is clear that both players are relaxed position is one of the biggest differences between
and just about to start the weight transfer (i.e. rocking effective and ineffective servers and less female
back) to initiate muscle contractions in the back leg. servers (at all levels of the game) are consistently
At this point in the service motion, most good servers able to successfully navigate to this position
have a clear picture of where they are going to hit the compared to the male counterparts. It is interesting
serve (i.e. wide, into the body or a t serve) and what to note the Stosur is able to achieve a greater range
type of spin they will be imparting on the ball. Having of motion at this point and is the reason she is able to
a repeatable pre-service routine is a hallmark of good generate so much spin on her serve. Players who do
servers and something that needs to be developed in not reach this position in the service motion, usually
servers at all levels. suffer from a poor ball toss and/or opening up the
back hip/shoulder too early in the motion. Lack of
2. RELEASE - Photo 2 highlights the release of the shoulder flexibility also can contribute to players not
ball from the non-dominant hand (left hand for both being able to reach a full effective cocking stage.
The USTA Newsletter for Tennis Coaches
2010
6 High Performance Coaching
JUSTINE HENIN SERVE SEQUENCE Vol. 11, No. 2
1 2 3 4
SAMANTHA STOSUR SERVE SEQUENCE
The USTA Newsletter for Tennis Coaches
2010
High Performance Coaching 7
Vol. 11, No. 2
5 6 7 8
The USTA Newsletter for Tennis Coaches
2010
8 High Performance Coaching
Vol. 11, No. 2
ACCELERATION 1(: MENTAL SKILLS AND DRILLS HANDBOOK
Foreword by Billie Jean King
5. ACCELERATION � Photo 5 is the release of energy
which has been stored in the previous stages of the PRODUCT CODE: 9781606790809 About the Book
serve. This rapid acceleration of both the lower and PRICE: $49.95
upper body is the result of effective summation of USTA Mental Skills and Drills Handbook is written as a practical
forces from the ground up through the kinetic chain To Order guide for coaches. It contains a variety of drills,
which results in ball contact (photo 6). Notice that activities, and on- and off-court coaching strategies
both players have maintained a stable body position 1 Online: www.coacheschoice.com that can be used to develop such mental-toughness
highlighting the shoulder-over-shoulder and hip- 2 Phone: 888.229.5745 skills as concentration, imagery, and confidence in
over-hip position, while also keeping their head up players.The skills and drills were designed for use with
and eyes looking up. Too often less effective servers 3 Fax: 831.372.6075 players of diverse ages and skill levels.
will drop their head early in the acceleration stage
and this can limit velocity, consistency and can also 4 Mail: P.O. Box 1828 The USTA Mental Skills and Drills Handbook is a
increase the risk of injury. Monterey, CA 93942 must read for every serious player, parent,
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6. CONTACT - Photo 6 demonstrates contact position what they have been looking for--the best
for both Stosur and Henin. These contact points of sport psychology in one place that is well
are a direct result of the positions that both players organized, easy to understand, and easy to
were able to progress through during the previous apply to the court. Coaches will have at their
five stages of the serve. It is interesting to note that fingertips practical drills to teach confidence,
although the contact points are less extended when motivation, and relaxation.
compared to many of the male servers, Stosur and
Henin are in effective contact positions with the Dick Gould
upper body fully extended and non-dominant hand Director of Tennis at Stanford University
arm tucked into the waist. Due to an effective leg
drive both players are substantially off the ground at 17 National Team Championships
ball contact. Coached 50 All-Americans
FOLLOW-THROUGH Edited By
7. DECELERATION � Photo 7 requires a transition Larry Lauer, Ph.D. Daniel Gould, Ph.D. Paul Lubbers, Ph.D. Mark Kovacs, Ph.D.
of energy from exploding through the ball to
decelerating the body (specifically the upper body) KtE>K www.Dartfish.tv/DartfishPlayer.aspx
after impact. These photos show that both players
have successfully made contact with the ball and & W
have finished the follow-through. This included
vigorous long-axis rotation (which is a combination
of internal shoulder rotation and forearm/wrist
pronation). All good servers perform this component.
It is also important to observe that both players have
maintained good upper body position, keeping their
head and chest up throughout this stage of the serving
motion. Most ineffective servers at this point in the
motion have collapsed at the core, resulting in the
head and chest pulling down which negatively impacts
both velocity and consistency of the serve.
8. FINISH � Photo 8 demonstrates a great finish (landing)
position for the serve. This position requires great
lower body deceleration to help cushion the landing
on the front leg (left leg). Both players have very similar
landing mechanics and it is clear that their head is
looking forward at the opponent which allows them
to effectively react to the return of serve. The front leg
has a slight bend at landing which works as a shock
absorber to lessen the impact on the knee, hip and
lower back. The back leg kicks up and back, which is in
direct response to the front leg landing on the ground.
contact warren.pretorius@dartfish.com or visit www.dartfish.com
The USTA Newsletter for Tennis Coaches
2010